I have a few questions concerning the commands for setting up Indic Fonts, specifically for the use of Indologists and other academics dealing with Indian Languages. I have been using the following command in older versions: \definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Adishila] [features=devanagari-one] \setupbodyfont [nagari] Example: आनन्द This seems to be out of date and for most academics (especially outside of India) it is preferable to use Sanskrit in transcription (almost all databases use transcription) for input even if printing in Nāgarī. For this we now seem to have the transliteration IAST to Devanagari (?) What we need are thus three elements: switching the language to Sanskrit temporarily (the main language will be english), setting the font for Sanskrit (let us say AsishilaSan), and enabling input of sanskrit in transcription (input: ānanda -> output आनन्द). Just a background note: Transcription and Nāgarī are not as equivalent as one would want. In transcription some word divisions are indicated that are not indicated in a Nāgarī text, which makes reading transcription easier — for those used to it. For most Indian scholars transcription is understandably a nuissance, a bit like reading English in phonetic alphabets. If someone could tell me how to get all these things into a few commands, I would be most grateful. My own attempts, mostly trial and error, did not succeed. Best Jürgen --- Prof. Dr. Juergen Hanneder Philipps-Universitaet Marburg FG Indologie u. Tibetologie Deutschhausstr.12 35032 Marburg Germany Tel. 0049-6421-28-24930 hanneder@staff.uni-marburg.de

Dear Richard,

Are you after a Context version of something such as  Xetex Devanagari?

https://github.com/wujastyk/xetex-devanagari

Indeed. In my XeTeX publications settling the font was quite straightforward: \usepackage{polyglossia,fontspec,xunicode} \setmainfont{Adobe Text Pro} \newfontfamily\sanskritfont[Script=Devanagari,Mapping=RomDev,Scale=1.4]{AdishilaSan} \setdefaultlanguage{english} \setotherlanguage{sanskrit} But coming back to ConTeXt: I am grateful to Pablo and Wolfgang for their suggestions, but it does not (yet) work as it should. Perhaps this has to do with the problem in the language command. Here is my test file that works up to the point, and then shows the problem. ----------- \setuppapersize[A4] \setuplayout[width=14cm, height=fit] \definefontfamily [roman] [rm] [minion] \definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Adishila] [features=devanagari-one] \setupbodyfont [nagari] \usetransliteration[indic] \definetransliteration [MyDeva] [lang=sa,vector={iast to deva}] \startsetups [sanskrit] \settransliteration[MyDeva] \switchtobodyfont[nagari] \stopsetups \setuplanguage [sa] [setups=sanskrit] \starttext Example: आनन्द। अपिच % this comes out as it should, but since input is in Nagari there is no transliteration involved. test % the word "test" comes out in roman, i.e. switching back to roman works. \language[sa]{yoga} % the word "yoga" is typeset in Nagari as expected, test % but the word "test" is still typeset in Nagari \language[en]{test} % still no switching back to roman, it seems stuck with Nagari. \stoptext ----- Jürgen --- Prof. Dr. Juergen Hanneder Philipps-Universitaet Marburg FG Indologie u. Tibetologie Deutschhausstr.12 35032 Marburg Germany Tel. 0049-6421-28-24930 hanneder@staff.uni-marburg.de

Does it work if you say

{\language[sa]yoga}

That's it!! Together with Wolfgang's patient corrections, I now have a version that works. Here again, for the record: --------- \definefallbackfamily [Roman] [rm] [Adishila] [range=devanagari,features=devanagari-one] \definefontfamily [Roman] [rm] [Minion Pro] \setupbodyfont [Roman] \definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Adishila] [features=devanagari-one] \usetransliteration[indic] \definetransliteration [MyDeva] [lang=sa,vector={iast to deva}] \startsetups [sanskrit] \settransliteration[MyDeva] \switchtobodyfont[nagari] \stopsetups \setuplanguage [sa] [setups=sanskrit] \starttext Example: आनन्द Example: {\language[sa]yoga} yoga, (in roman again) \stoptext ------ --- Prof. Dr. Juergen Hanneder Philipps-Universitaet Marburg FG Indologie u. Tibetologie Deutschhausstr.12 35032 Marburg Germany Tel. 0049-6421-28-24930 hanneder@staff.uni-marburg.de

Otared Kavian schrieb am 10.08.2024 um 17:56:

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On 10 Aug 2024, at 11:59, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

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Does it work if you say

{\language[sa]yoga} That's it!! Hi Jürgen,

You may also define a command like (or a shorter name…)

\define[1]\sanskrit{\start\language[sa]#1\stop}

\definestartstop [sanskrit] [style={\language[sa]}] Wolfgang

Thanks again, in fact both are useful in different situations. Jürgen ----- Nachricht von Wolfgang Schuster --------- Datum: Sat, 10 Aug 2024 18:22:50 +0200 Von: Wolfgang Schuster Antwort an: mailing list for ConTeXt users Betreff: [NTG-context] Re: Nāgarī for Academics An: mailing list for ConTeXt users , Otared Kavian

Otared Kavian schrieb am 10.08.2024 um 17:56:

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...

On 10 Aug 2024, at 11:59, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

...

Does it work if you say

{\language[sa]yoga} That's it!! Hi Jürgen,

You may also define a command like (or a shorter name…)

\define[1]\sanskrit{\start\language[sa]#1\stop}

\definestartstop [sanskrit] [style={\language[sa]}]

Wolfgang

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----- Ende der Nachricht von Wolfgang Schuster ----- --- Prof. Dr. Juergen Hanneder Philipps-Universitaet Marburg FG Indologie u. Tibetologie Deutschhausstr.12 35032 Marburg Germany Tel. 0049-6421-28-24930 hanneder@staff.uni-marburg.de

On 8/11/2024 12:36 PM, Pablo Rodriguez via ntg-context wrote:

On 8/11/24 10:40, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

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Thanks again, in fact both are useful in different situations. Jürgen

Just for the record, the following language short command and start stop are defined for most languages (\it and \fi are already taken by TeX [italics and conditional final command]):

{\sa yoga}

\startlanguage[sa] yoga \stoplanguage

Just in case it might help, so, best use the more verbose tags

Hans ----------------------------------------------------------------- Hans Hagen | PRAGMA ADE Ridderstraat 27 | 8061 GH Hasselt | The Netherlands tel: 038 477 53 69 | www.pragma-ade.nl | www.pragma-pod.nl -----------------------------------------------------------------

On 8/5/24 11:31, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

I have a few questions concerning the commands for setting up Indic Fonts, specifically for the use of Indologists and other academics dealing with Indian Languages.

Hi Jürgen, just in case the following might help (no Indian language experience [I just learnt that Devanagari and Nagari were both scripts]).

This seems to be out of date and for most academics (especially outside of India) it is preferable to use Sanskrit in transcription (almost all databases use transcription) for input even if printing in Nāgarī. For this we now seem to have the transliteration IAST to Devanagari (?)

This may be the way (adapted from lang-tra.mkxl): \definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Adishila] [features=devanagari-one] \setupbodyfont [nagari] \usetransliteration[indic] \definetransliteration [MyDeva] [lang=sa, vector={iast to deva}] \starttext Is this Sanskrit? \starttransliteration[MyDeva] idaṁ adbhutam kauśika tisraḥ garuḍavāhanan \stoptransliteration I really don’t know: \transliteration[MyDeva]{idaṁ adbhutam kauśika tisraḥ garuḍavāhanan}. \stoptext As included in the text, I don’t have the slighliest idea whether the transliterated text may be Sanskrit.

What we need are thus three elements: switching the language to Sanskrit temporarily (the main language will be english),

\sa is the language switch (which also enables hyphenation). But since you need transliteration, it is automatically added in the defined transliteration.

setting the font for Sanskrit (let us say AsishilaSan),

You already defined that in your minimal sample.

and enabling input of sanskrit in transcription (input: ānanda -> output आनन्द).

See above.

If someone could tell me how to get all these things into a few commands, I would be most grateful. My own attempts, mostly trial and error, did not succeed.

Let us know whether the previous sample worked for you (or how it is failing). BTW, feel free to improve https://wiki.contextgarden.net/Indic_Scripts#IAST_to_Devanagari. I hope it helps, Pablo

On 8/8/24 13:07, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

The text below works, thanks for the help!

But there is one more problem.

I could not find an elegant method to set the language of the document to English without disabling Nagari. If one adds \setupbodyfont[minion] the Nagari parts disappear.

Default language is US English. I mean, this is already set. For other languages, \mainlanguage[de] (as an example). As for the fonts, you need a fallback typeface: \definefallbackfamily [nagari] [rm] [adishila] [range={devanagari, devanagariextendeda, devanagariextendeda}, force=yes, features=devanagari-one] \definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Minion Pro] \setupbodyfont[nagari]

The normal scenario would be a document in English with Sanskrit as a secondary language, to one switches with a command that changes font, language and activates the transliteration mechanism.

\starttransliteration[MyDeva] does not do this as soon as one sets the roman font.

Adding the above commands, it should work. There is an issue with language, but I’m opening a new thread. I hope it helps, Pablo

On 8/5/2024 11:31 AM, Jürgen Hanneder via ntg-context wrote:

I have a few questions concerning the commands for setting up Indic Fonts, specifically for the use of Indologists and other academics dealing with Indian Languages.

I have been using the following command in older versions:

\definefontfamily [nagari] [rm] [Adishila] [features=devanagari-one] \setupbodyfont [nagari] Example:   आनन्द

This seems to be out of date and for most academics (especially outside of India) it is preferable to use Sanskrit in transcription (almost all databases use transcription) for input even if printing in Nāgarī. For this we now seem to have the transliteration IAST to Devanagari (?)

What we need are thus three elements: switching the language to Sanskrit temporarily (the main language will be english), setting the font for Sanskrit (let us say AsishilaSan), and enabling input of sanskrit in transcription (input: ānanda -> output आनन्द).

Just a background note: Transcription and Nāgarī are not as equivalent as one would want. In transcription some word divisions are indicated that are not indicated in a Nāgarī text, which makes reading transcription easier — for those used to it. For most Indian scholars transcription is understandably a nuissance, a bit like reading English in phonetic alphabets.

If someone could tell me how to get all these things into a few commands, I would be most grateful. My own attempts, mostly trial and error, did not succeed.

You can take a look at type-imp-indic.mkxl which has some about transliterations (there is a subsystem for that) Hans ----------------------------------------------------------------- Hans Hagen | PRAGMA ADE Ridderstraat 27 | 8061 GH Hasselt | The Netherlands tel: 038 477 53 69 | www.pragma-ade.nl | www.pragma-pod.nl -----------------------------------------------------------------