I am trying to select specific elements from an XML document to make anthologies, and still retain the original numbering, by using \xmldoifelse; if the node matches, it is printed, and if it is not, the head number is incremented, to get something like this: 1 First Section (first match) 4 Fourth Section (second match, but fourth element in the XML file) But the fail condition is not being triggered properly. Here are the files: % % anthologize.xml % \def\incrementheadnumber[#1]{\setupheadnumber[#1] [\numexpr\namedheadnumber{#1}+1\relax]} \startxmlsetups xml:selectivity:* \xmlsetsetup{\xmldocument}{*}{-} \xmlsetsetup{\xmldocument}{stuff|div|head}{xml:selectivity:*} \stopxmlsetups \xmlregisterdocumentsetup{selectivity}{xml:selectivity:*} % Here is the difficulty. \startxmlsetups{xml:selectivity:stuff} \xmldoifelse{#1}{/div[match()==1 or match()==4]/all()} { \xmlflush{#1} } { \incrementheadnumber[section] } \stopxmlsetups \startxmlsetups{xml:selectivity:div} \xmlflush{#1} \stopxmlsetups \startxmlsetups{xml:selectivity:head} \startsection[title={\xmlflush{#1}}]\stopsection \stopxmlsetups \starttext \xmlprocessfile{selectivity}{bob.xml}{} \stoptext % % bob.xml % <stuff> <div> <head>First Section</head> </div> <div> <head>Second Section</head> </div> <div> <head>Third Section</head> </div> <div> <head>Fourth Section</head> </div> </stuff> The result is that only the first and fourth heads are printed, as desired, but I end up with: 1 First Section 2 Fourth Section. I have used the \incrementheadnumber function elsewhere, and it works fine. If I replace \incrementheadnumber[section] with \xmlflush{#1}, it prints: 1 First Section 2 Fourth Section 3 First Section 4 Second Section 5 Third Section 6 Fourth Section So it seems to be properly triggering the true condition, but not the false condition, and I cannot figure out how to fix it. Using ConTeXt 2017.04.08 and LuaTeX 1.0.3. I do thank you for your help. Sincerely, Gerard Keiser