In texmath.c we have in various places eq_box = hpack(..., ..., ..., -1); the -1 means no explicit direction is passed to the box construction, so hpack is using the current value of \textdirection. Shouldn't \mathdirection (math_direction_par) be used here? This is also inconsistent with inline math, where \textdirection does not influence the visual result. Example: -------------------------- test $$ a+b=c\textdirection=1 $$ $\textdirection=1 a+b=c$ \bye-------------------------- This is similar to the recent discussion about \vcenter, which also does not use an explicit direction in its construction (there vpack use \bodydirection and not \mathdirection). Udi